Active Immunity and Passive Immunity

Serial No	Active immunity	Passive immunity
1.	Active immunity is the permanent immunity produced by the antibodies of the host in response to a direct contact of an antigen.	Passive immunity is a short term immunity produced by the introduction of antibodies from outside of the host.
2.	Antibody production is induced by the infection or by immunogens.	Antibodies are not produced, but directly transferred.
3.	Active immunity involves both cell mediated and humoral immunity.	Passive immunity is due to the presence of ready-made antibodies.
4.	Natural active immunity is by clinical infection.	Natural passive immunity is by the transfer of antibodies through placenta.
5.	Artificial active immunity is vaccination	Artificial passive immunity is induced by infection of antibodies.
6.	A lag period is present	Lag period is absent.
7.	Active immunity is only effective after the lag period.	Passive immunity is immediately mediated (since lag period is absent).
8.	Active immunity is durable	Passive immunity is only transient.
9.	Active immunity offers effective protection against microbes.	Passive immunity is less efficient in offering complete protection.
10.	Immunological memory is present.	Immunological memory is absent.
11.	In active immunity, the subsequent doses with the antigen cause booster effect.	In passive immunity, the subsequent doses are less effective due to immune elimination.
12.	Negative phases may occur in active immunity.	Negative phase is absent.
13.	Active immunity is not applicable to immune deficient individuals.	Passive immunity is applicable to immune deficient individuals.
14.	No side effects.	It may cause reactions.
15.	An example of natural active immunity is fighting off a cold, allergic reaction may also consider.	Skin as a passive immunity, anti-venom is an example of passive immunity.